That’s bigger than Wales…Cichlids entered Malawi via its tributaries, with two tribes — the tilapiines and the haplochromines — taking up permanent residence there. This growth on the rocks consists of short strands of algae, biofilms and the tiny critters living within it. Mbuna (pronounced boo - nuh) is the common name for a large group of African cichlids from Lake Malawi, and are members of the haplochromine family.

You have lots of filtration and lots of aeration, so go wild (filter bacteria levels permitting), and quickly build up a high number of similarly sized, similarly aged (ideally young, sub 5cm/2in fish). At certain times of year mbuna will also graze on zooplankton blooms higher up in the water, and massive scale midge hatches which rise up hundreds of metres above the lake like huge plumes of smoke as they hatch and mate.For the Malawi cichlid geeks it’s the subtle specialisation of the 1,000 species when times are tough and food lean, which is so fascinating. Add a few unidentified hybrids and you can soon end up with an aggressive, nasty set-up, which is anything but relaxing to watch.Seek out a cichlid specialist who will have more species and better labelling. Twenty individuals should be seen as an absolute minimum, but 30 or 40 is even better.

I've seen some Mbuna live for upwards of 7 years, some not as many. Get your answers by asking now. ‘red cheek’ are definitely worth their cichlid salt.And if you want to break up the bright blues and yellows, how about a bit of brown?

Add lots and lots of rocks and you can keep even more males in this way.The next line of defence is to overstock. I also have a 75 gallon tank with 15 numerous cichlids commencing from 4"-6", 3 6" plecos, and one small observed catfish and that they seem to have quite some room, i under no circumstances see them combat anyhow. It would be vary helpful if you'd nail down the species as this has such a wide range of ages out there. Good answer by Ryok.

So it’s no to reverse osmosis water without adequate amounts of Malawi cichlid salts first being added, and decor should include calcareous, lime-based decor or filter media to keep those minerals high and pH, KH and GH buffered.In the wild mbuna rarely top 7.5–10cm/3–4in total length but fed rich foods in the aquarium they can reach 12.5–15cm/5–6in. A 120 x 60 x 60cm/48 x 24 x 24in tank will be much more conducive to the lake effect than a 120 x 30 x 30cm/48 x 12 x 12in aquarium, which holds far less water and is much better suited to replicating a small, shallow stream.

Cichlid paradise!But the fascination doesn’t stop there, as the mbuna deliver a double whammy of appeal by way of how they breed. All the mbuna, and all the other haplochromines in Lake Malawi are maternal mouthbrooders, meaning that they lay eggs, which are then taken into the female’s mouth where they are incubated, hatched, and then finally spat out as fully formed fry.This paid dividends for the early cichlid colonisers of the lake bed as even breeding females were not tied down to any one small patch for a month at a time and instead could be upwardly mobile, go forth and colonise. Frozen bloodworm is also attributed to causing bloat, although it is actually very low in protein and instead high in chitin, and mostly water.Leave off feeding for one day a week and your mbuna will take to the rocks, cleaning up algae and clearing out their systems.Mbuna will hybridise in the aquarium, and for the sake of other mbuna buyers, this should not be encouraged.

Or don’t have any females at all — but you’ll miss out on the joys of breeding. in spite of the incontrovertible fact that, in case you get extra aggressive cichlids alongside with jack dempseys or convicts that huge variety is going way down way rapid, possibly 2 mated pairs in a fifty 5 gallon tank. Things got interesting for the haplochromines however, which went through “adaptive radiation” and today comprise around 1,000 species, which is about as many as live in the whole of the North Atlantic! An African cichlid can grow to 4 to 10 inches at maturity, depending on the species. To put it simply, every male mbuna wants nothing more than to be the only male haplochromine in the whole of Lake Malawi — or better still, the whole of the world.Males want to adorn themselves in the brightest colours and live over the best real estate, and their idea of heaven is to be visited every ten minutes of every day by a female looking for a casual fling and who then disappears, never to be seen again!Hell for a male mbuna is to be surrounded by other males — other better looking, more masculine males — who then eat their food, take up residence in their space and worst of all, take all their women.

Mbuna are endemic to Lake Malawi in Africa’s Great Rift Valley — a 3,700-mile long trench created by the African tectonic plate tearing apart. Now in case you have it okay airated you could put in extra advantageous than that, possibly 15-20. The underslung mouths of the Labeotropheus allow those fish to access and rip off the best algae growths in choppy water with very little levering, keeping their bodies flat against the rocks as they do so. Malawi is a gigantic crevice.

Make a visual barrier and two males will separate and coexist, each defending his own tiny territory. Tropheops are underrated, subtly coloured and generally well behaved mbuna, which inhabit the shallows and graze algae.

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